6-C). In conclusion, the physiological response of lithophytic bryophytes to high Ca stress is different from vascular bundle plants, and the general stress principle is not applicable to lithophytic bryophytes. Review on the process of bryophyte karstification. There was a very significant positive correlation between SOD activity and POD activity (p=0.94). Eurohypnum leptothallum decreased from 1 to 3days, increased from 3 to 5days, and decreased after 5days (Fig. When Ca2+=800mmol/L, with the extension of culture time, the POD activity of Hyophila involut showed a downward trend, decreased from 1 to 2days, increased from 2 to 3days, and decreased after 3days. Microbial symbioses facilitated plant colonization of land by enhancing nutrient uptake leading to improved plant growth and fitness. First, prepare reagents, 50mmol/L phosphate buffer (pH=7.8), extraction medium: 50mmol/L phosphate buffer (pH=7.8) contains 10g/L polyvinylpyrrolidone, 130mmol/L methionine (Met) solution, 750g/mL nitrogen blue tetrazole (NBT) solution, 100g/mL EDTA-Na2 solution, 20g/mL riboflavin solution, and all reagents are stored at low temperature and away from light. Huang F, Zhu MJ, Lu X, Cao JH. A The changes of Pro content of three lithophytic bryophytes cultured in different concentrations of Ca2+ solution for 7days. Plasma Sci Technol. And at 800mmol/L, the amount of Eurohypnum leptothallum rose, and exceeded 200mmol/L and 400mmol/L, the Chlb content of Hyophila involut and Didymodon constrictus decreased. Zhu SQ. Guihaia. Changes of Chlb content in lithophytic bryophytes under calcium stress. Rhizoids and Scales 11. Different plant types have different ability to absorb and enrich Ca. Interspecific association among dominant species of bryophytes in karst severe ocky desertification area. During the early evolution of land plants, bryophytes are among the pioneers to adapt to the terrestrial environment, i.e., a desiccant and nutrient-poor habitat with elevated ultraviolet radiation. Local adaptations in bryophytes revisited: the genetic structure of the 4-C).When Ca2+=200mmol/L, the Pro content of Eurohypnum leptothallum and Didymodon constrictus was significantly higher than that of Hyophila involute, and the Pro content of Eurohypnum leptothallum increased with the extension of culture time. The present study aimed to explore the . 800mmol/L. Their initial height H0 was measured. Acta Ecol Sin. Although lithophytic bryophytes can grow on the surface of bare rocks, they can grow in habitats without Ca or in calcium environments with low and medium concentrations (Ca2+200mmol/L), and their tolerance to calcium is stronger than vascular bundle plants. At the same time, determine the absorbance at 600nm, and calculate the content of MDA by using the difference between the absorbance at 532nm and 600nm. 2013 , Procter et al. The relationship between dark respiration and CO2 exchange is complex, which is different from other higher plants [48, 49]. 2016;35(5):905. 2018;37(5):70813. A The changes of SP content of three lithophytic bryophytes cultured in different concentrations of Ca2+ solution for 7days. 2005;11(2):2357. Meng WP, Dai QH, Ran JC. When using the stopwatch immediately, measure the change of absorbance (A470) at 470nm, and read the value every 1min. Bryophyte Chemistry and Biology. 6-E). For example, Chla, Chlb and Tchl of Eurohypnum leptothallum are significantly positively correlated, while the contents of Chlb and Tchl are significantly negatively correlated. 2017;27:18. PDF , Jian Zhang , Yang Liu , Yu Jia , Yuan-Nian Jiao , Bo Xu , and Zhi 2001;12(6):9436. Master thesis. Bryophytes : Adaptation to land habitat - YouTube Lithophytic bryophytes grow on the rock surface, change the habitat on the rock surface through biological karstification, and provide a material basis for the growth of other plants. Among them, the tchl and Chla and chlb of Hyophila involut and Didymodon constrictus showed a negative correlation, while Eurohypnum leptothallum showed a significant positive correlation. Prepare 95% ethanol, 85% phosphoric acid, 1000g/mL and 100g/mL bovine serum albumin (BSA,OD280=6.61 at 10mg/mL generally). 7-D). Acta Bot Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica. 2019;43(5):396407. In this experiment, the method of liquid culture was used for Didymodon constrictus, Eurohypnum leptothallum, and Hyophila involuta. Determine according to the operation procedure in the instructions of the Pro content detection kit. (6) Detection method of ABA. J Shenyang Agricultural Univ. Luo XQ, Zhang GL, Du XL, Wang SJ, Yang HY, Huang TZ. ABA was positively correlated with ROS (p=0.75). Xue F.Leaf functional traits and their interrelationships with woody plants in karst forest of Maolan. The reason for this phenomenon may be that the SOD of lithophytic bryophytes shows a good elastic mechanism in the changing calcium environment, which is different from the antioxidant enzyme system of other plant types in the mechanism of stress. Research progress in root ecology of karst vegetation in China. Wang Z, Bao W, Feng D, Lin H. Functional trait scaling relationships across 13 temperate mosses growing in wintertime. 4-A).When Ca2+=50mmol/L, the Pro content of Eurohypnum leptothallum and Didymodon constrictus is the lowest, when Ca2+100mmol/L, the Pro content rises sharply, and when Ca2+400mmol/L, the Pro content of both shows a steady downward trend.When Ca2+=200mmol/L, Pro content of Hyophila involute is the lowest, when 200mmol/LCa2+400mmol/L, when Ca2+>400mmol/L Pro content increased sharply. D The changes of SOD content of three lithophytic bryophytes after 7days of culture in Ca2+ 200mmol/L solution. It can be seen from that Eurohypnum leptothallum(Fig. Plant Sci J. 2019;39(18):657785. PubMed Central Diversity, phylogeny, and adaptation of bryophytes: insights from PubMed B Changes in MDA content of three lithophytic bryophytes after 7days of culture in Ca2+ 50mmol/L solution. Comparison of water holding capacity and water absorption characteristics of five lithophytic mosses in karst areas of Guizhou. XZ.GhWRKY1-like, a WRKY transcription factor, mediates drought tolerance in Arabidopsis via modulating ABA biosynthesis. Studies have found that spermatophyte induce stomatal closure and reduce photosynthetic rate through ABA [50]. Mosses and alternative adaptation to life on land - New Phytologist Changes of SP in lithophytic bryophytes in different calcium environments. W. Watson. 149 - New Phytologist The karst in Southwest China centered on Guizhou covers an area of more than 510,000 km2, which is the largest and most concentrated karst landform in the world [2]. Despite their small size and simple structure, bryophytes are the second largest group of extant land plants. When Ca2+=50mmol/L, the SP content of Didymodon constrictus increased and decreased with the prolongation of culture time, Eurohypnum leptothallum showed a downward trend, however the changes of Hyophila involute is relatively jumping (Fig. This result shows that the ability of protective enzyme system in different species to resist stress is different. 2022;73(13):456275. 5-A). 8-C). China Guiyang: Guizhou science and Technology Press; 1993. Finally, take five 25ml glass tubes for enzyme activity test, three of which are measuring tubes and two are control tubes. Springer Nature. 2017;7(18):745461. The general stress principle is not applicable to lithophytic bryophytes. Weigh about 0.20g, make five repetitions, respectively put them into a mortar, add a small amount of quartz sand, calcium carbonate and 2~3mL of 95% ethanol, grind them into a homogenate, add 10mL of ethanol, continue to grind until the tissue turns white, stand for 3~5min, filter them into a 25mL brown volumetric flask, wash them with a small amount of ethanol several times until there is no green in the filter paper and residue, and finally fix the volume with 95% ethanol. Meaning of Bryophytes 2. Inner Mongolia University, College of Life Sciences. The TChl content of the three lithophytic bryophytes decreased with the increase of Ca2+ concentration, but there were interspecies differences among the concentrations (Fig. In the second month, Eurohypnum leptothallum showed negative growth when Ca2+=800mmol/L, Didymodon constrictus showed negative growth When Ca2+100mmol/L, Hyophila involuta showed negative growthWhen Ca2+400mmol/L. During each measurement, use sterile paper to absorb the water on the surface of the plant before measuring. Habitat 5. The change trend of POD activity of Didymodon constrictus and Eurohypnum leptothallum is the same, showing a slow increase (Fig. The MDA content of Eurohypnum leptothallum did not change when 0mmol/LCa2+100mmol/L, increased slowly when 100mmol/L200mmol/L, and the MDA content of Eurohypnum leptothallum in different concentrations of Ca2+ was lower than that of Hyophila involut and Didymodon constrictus. Qin JS, Gu DX, Ni LK. 7-E).When Ca2+=800mmol/L, SOD activity decreased with the extension of culture time, but increased after 3days. F Changes in Pro content of three lithophytic bryophytes after 7days of cultivation in Ca2+ 800mmol/L solution. Wu J, Sheng MY. Mosses and alternative adaptation to life on land | Request PDF 2007 ). To determine the concentration of protein, take 0.1mL of sample extract, put it into a test tube with a stopper, add 5mL of Coomassie Brilliant Blue G-250 reagent, fully mix it, place it for 2min, compare the color at 595nm, record the absorbance, and check the protein content through the standard curve. Bryophyte adaptations and constraints. 2014;23(7):11219. However, the results of this study show that the accumulation of MDA, SP and Pro in lithophytic bryophytes does not increase rapidly with the increase of Ca2+ concentration, but shows a trend of first decreasing and then increasing. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. MDA was negatively correlated with ABA and ROS (p=-0.82), and positively correlated with SOD and pod (P>0.61). 2009;33(5):92635. (PDF) Bryophytes and Ecosystem - ResearchGate This is different from the research results that the SOD activity of Platycarya longipes increased with the extension of culture time and did not change significantly when it was cultured at different concentrations [40]. 5-B). 2019;222(3):125670. VDOM DHTML tml>. Bryophytes show a high degree of phenotypic plasticity as well as a remarkable ability to photosynthesise whenever conditions are favourable. CAS The significance level was set as =0.05.The data are expressed as meanstandard deviation. Article BMC Plant Biol 23, 160 (2023). 2017;104(2):26170. Ecol Environ Sci. This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (41671275),Science and Technology Fund of Guizhou ([2020]1Y074,ZK[2023]236), Youth Key Fund of Sciences Academy of Guizhou([2020]03),National Nature Science Foundation of China and the Karst Science Research Center of Guizhou Province (U1812401), Forestry Research of Guizhou Province ([2019]06). 2021;23(7):15160. 4-F). SP was positively correlated with MDA (p=0.60), and negatively correlated with ABA (p=-0.63), ROS (p=-0.67), SOD and pod. The lithophytic bryophytes may have a special mechanism to adapt to the karst high calcium environment. Google Scholar. Beijing: Science Press; 2012. Han XG,Hui DF,Shen WJ.Fine root dynamics responses to nitrogen addition depend on root order,soil layer,and experimental duration in a subtropical fores. volume23, Articlenumber:160 (2023) This experiment found that the enzyme system of lithophytic bryophytes behaved differently in different concentrations of Ca2+ solutions, and the activities of SOD and POD in different concentrations of Ca2+ culture solutions of Hyophila involut were higher than those of Eurohypnum leptothallum and Didymodon constrictus. :Ca2+concentration is 0 mmol/L, :Ca2+ concentration is 50 mmol/L, :Ca2+ concentration is 100 mmol/L, :Ca2+concentration is 200 mmol/L, :Ca2+ concentration is 400 mmol/L, : Ca2+concentration is 800mmol/L. Bryophyte - Habitats | Britannica E Changes of POD content of three lithophytic bryophytes after 7days of cultivation in Ca2+ 400mmol/L solution. 2022;28(1):1529. J Xinyang Normal Univ (NATURAL Sci EDITION). Rasid M, Hasan MM, Talukder MR. Rice plant growth and yield: foliar application of plasma activated water. According to the calcium content in the underlying soil of lithophytic bryophytes, we set six different calcium concentration, 0mmol/L, 50mmol/L 100mmol/L. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. 5-C). Several adaptations can be observed. The present study aimed to explore the physiological regulation process of karst lithophytic bryophytes under high calcium environment, and to provide scientific basis for revealing the maintenance mechanism of karst biodiversity. The total growth (p=0.94) and the growth in the second month(p=0.95) of Eurohypnum leptothallum were significantly positively correlated with SP (Fig. The data of MDA, SP, Pro, POD, SOD and ABA of karst lithophytic bryophytes cultured at different Ca2+ concentrations were tested by one-way ANOVA(=0.05).If the variance is homogeneous, the least significant difference (LSD) method is used for multiple significant comparisons.If the variance is not homogeneous, use Tamhanes T2 method for multiple comparisons, and the significance level is(=0.05).Pearson correlation analysis method was used to analyze the correlation between the growth of stony bryophytes and the content of osmoregulation substances, antioxidant enzymes and abscisic acid under different Ca2+ concentration. Jiangsu agricultural science. The high content of Ca in soil is one of the most important environmental factors affecting its vegetation type and distribution, as well as plant physiological characteristics. Through the correlation analysis between chlorophyll and ABA, it was found that ABA of the three lithophytic bryophytes was significantly negatively correlated with Tchl and Chla. Hyperspectral inversion of leaf water content at karst and non-karst areas in North Guangxi. Chin J Appl Environ Biol. F Changes in SP content of three lithophytic bryophytes after 7days of culture in Ca2+ 800mmol/L solution. China Beijing: Higher Education Press; 2016. Add 2ml of precooled extraction medium to grind it into a homogenate on an ice bath. The growth of Hyophila involuta was the largest at 100mmol/L and 200mmol/L. Recent progress in research of proline transport genes. 7-A). The POD activity of Hyophila involut was significantly higher than that of Didymodon constrictus and Eurohypnum leptothallum, and the POD activity of Didymodon constrictus and Eurohypnum leptothallum was similar. It shows that different kinds of lithophytic bryophytes have different calcium adaptability. In this chapter, we outline the characteristics of bryophytes, contrast them to those of other early land plants and summarize our current understanding of the signicance of bryophytes in land plant evolution. Article Google Scholar. Su L, Du H, Wang H, Zeng FP, Song TQ, Peng WX, Chen L, Zhang F. Root architecture of the dominant species in various vegetation restoration processes in karst peak cluster depression. On karst ecosystem. The authors expertlysummarize the diversity of bryophytes and outline recent advances in ourunderstanding of their evolutionary history, their ecological roles and prefer-ences, their distribution patterns and conservation needs. The existence of isolation by environment within the model bryophyte species may therefore be more fruit-ful. Its biomass, morphology and distribution are affected by site conditions, soil layer thickness, water, nutrients, community structure and species composition, and characteristics [19, 20]. 2012). When Ca2+=400mmol/L, the SOD activity of the three lithophytic bryophytes decreased as a whole with the extension of culture time, but there were also interspecific differences. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. The maximum net CO2 assimilation rate of bryophytes is widely described as lower than the average level of vascular plants [41,42,43,44]. Meng, W., Ran, J., Dai, Q. et al. 2014;53(16):38404+ 3858. 6-D). Research advances in plant ecological adaptability in karst area. Morphological and physiological adaptation characteristics of lithophytic bryophytes to karst high calcium environment, https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-022-03980-4, https://doi.org/10.19675/j.cnki.1006-687x.2022.06032, https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/32.1148.S20211009.1119.005.html, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/. A The changes of MDA content of three lithophytic bryophytes cultured in different concentrations of Ca2+ solution for 7days. INTRODUCTION. First pour out the water in the culture ware, then spray 30ml of Ca2+ solution into each culture ware, mark the ion concentration and treatment time, and set 7 repetitions for each concentration. The content of Chla in the three lithophytic bryophytes decreased with the increase of Ca2+ concentration, but there were interspecific differences in the change law (Fig. Bryophytes, including mosses, liverworts and hornworts are early land plants that have evolved key adaptation mechanisms to cope with abiotic stresses and microorganisms. Chin J Ecol. PDF Evolutionary signicance of bryophytes - Cambridge University Press 2021;39(7):2387414. Am J Bot. By analyzing the correlation between ABA and chlorophyll of lithophytic bryophytes in different calcium environments (Table 2), it is concluded that ABA and tchl contents are significantly negatively correlated with Chla content, of which Hyophila involut is weakly negatively correlated, Eurohypnum leptothallum is moderately negatively correlated, and Didymodon constrictus is significantly negatively correlated with toothed moss. A The changes of SOD content of three lithophytic bryophytes cultured in different concentrations of Ca2+ solution for 7days. Among the three lithophytic bryophytes, there was a positive correlation between tchl and Chla, but there was an interspecific difference in the correlation with chlb. The height measurement adopts a scale with an accuracy of mm. F Changes in MDA content of three lithophytic bryophytes after 7days of culture in Ca2+ 800mmol/L solution. The MDA content of the three lithophytic bryophytes increased with the concentration of Ca2+, and the change trend was different among species. More and more genomes and transcriptomes have been assembled to address fundamental questions in plant biology. Hu Q, Ao CW, Wang XR, Wu YF, Du. They are limited by their mode of life, but also liberated : they are prominent on hard substrates such as rock and . Eurohypnum leptothallum show a downward trend (Fig. D Changes in MDA content of three lithophytic bryophytes after 7days of culture in Ca2+ 200mmol/L solution. This explanation, however, might apply especially to vascular plants experiencing higher levels of relictualism caused by longer life spans and worse dis-persal abilities as compared to bryophytes (Horsak et al. Li X, Jh C, Yang H, Xu XM, Mo B. Lay a layer of cleaned sponge (1cm thick) on the bottom of the culture ware (15cm*15cm), lay a layer of cleaned non-woven fabric on the sponge, add water to the culture ware (just before the non-woven fabric), then each treatment group was cultured with moss with a fresh weight of 1.0g, and the water was changed every three days. When time is not of the essence: constraints to the carbon balance of bryophytes. The condensation of MDA with thiobarbituric acid (TBA) produces red products, with the maximum absorption peak at 532nm. PDF INTRODUCTION TO BRYOPHYTES - Cambridge University Press & Assessment 1), Hyophila involuta(Fig. Roots (or root-like structures) anchor plants to the soil andin plants with true roots serve as conduits for water absorption. Ann Botany. 2008;21(3):4126. Among them, the SOD activity of Hyophila involut and Didymodon constrictus showed the same trend with the extension of culture time, decreasing from 1 to 3days and increasing after 3days (Fig. Cite this article. Chla content of Hyophila involut increases at 200mmol/L, while Eurohypnum leptothallum and Didymodon constrictus decrease. Adaptation to land habitat (Bryophytes) |Kingdom Plantae| FSc part 1 Some spores protected by sporopollenin have . Adaptations 8. 3),when the concentration of Ca2+ is 0mmol/L, 50mmol/L, 100mmol/L and 200mmol/L, the plant color is normal after two months of culture in different concentrations of Ca2+ solution; When the concentration of ca2+ was 400mmol/L and 800mmol/L, the plant changed from green to yellow and died. CARSOLOGICA SINICA. 2019;(06):1065. Chen Y, Wang T, Hua XJ. First land plants evolved from freshwater algae like ancestors (Sakakibara, 2016). Xie YG, Liu JM, Liao XF. Quanhou Dai. The antioxidative activity of of Hyophila involuta are higher than that of Didymodon constrictus and Eurohypnum leptothallum, and its enzyme activity changed significantly with the increase of calcium concentration and time.At the same time, the contents of TChl, Chla, and Chlb in lithophytic bryophytes decreased with the increase of Ca2+ concentration. In karst areas, the proportion of fine root biomass to total root biomass of the same plant is less than that in sandy environment, and the root biomass in sandy environment is mainly vertically distributed [21, 22]. Google Scholar. Mosses are one of the most ancient groups of land plants, with an estimated age of divergence from liverworts of 470-475 million years B.P. Morphological and physiological adaptation characteristics of By testing the stress resistance indexes of plants under different calcium environments, it was found that the changes of total calcium content in rhizosphere soil, proline content in leaves, POD and SOD activities of calcium loving plants respectively were w (Ca)=32.4443.98g/kg, w (Pro)=97.53183.62g/g, w(POD)6.2138.43Kat,w(SOD)1.472.48Kat,slightly higher than intermediate plants, is 12 orders of magnitude higher than calcium intolerant plants [14]. Li YB, Hou JJ, Xie DT. statement and 4-B).However, when Ca2+=100mmol/L, the Pro content of Eurohypnum leptothallum decreased from 1 to 3days, and began to rise after 3days Didymodon constrictus decreased from 1 to 5days, and began to rise after 5days (Fig. In this study, the dominant species of lithophytic bryophytes in the karst area, Didymodon constrictus, Eurohypnum leptothallum, and Hyophila involuta, were selected as the research objects.